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如果盟国没有参与二战中的太平洋战争,中国仅凭自己的力量能否赢得抗日战争的胜利?
2023-02-22 09:35:04 来源: 樱落网

如果盟国没有参与二战中的太平洋战争中国仅凭自己的力量能否赢得抗日战争的胜利

本文译自Quora,原标题:Without the Allies involvement in WW2 in the Pacific, would the Japanese have been able to conquer China?

Grant Mitchell Spork


(资料图片)

Director UAV Drone Surveys at Self-Employment (2010-present),Lives in Sunshine Coast, Queensland, Australia

自雇的无人机调研负责人(2010年至今),生活在澳大利亚昆士兰阳光海岸

日本人征服了除偏远的内陆以外的中国大部分地区,中国所有的沿海港口和主要的河流水系都在日本的控制之下。日本人还吞并了整个朝鲜半岛,台湾省、香港、新加坡、马来西亚、越南、柬埔寨、老挝、缅甸部分地区、印度尼西亚、菲律宾、婆罗洲等。

在珍珠港与美国开战可能被视为日本的一个错误!毛领导下的GC党和蒋介石领导下的国民党将作为独立的游击队与日本作战,美国和英国将为他们提供军事援助并袭击日本的后勤和供应基地。有了更多援助和训练的GC党军队和蒋介石军队可能遏制住日本对中国内陆的控制。

日本人主要对富裕的贸易港口和城市及其后勤、原材料矿山感兴趣。在东南亚,他们对橡胶和食品供应、木材感兴趣。在婆罗洲,他们想要荷兰壳牌石油和英国石油的资产。为了不把同盟国卷进来,日本需要远离菲律宾、上海、香港、新加坡、吉隆坡、缅甸和印度尼西亚,因为这些国家和城市是盟国的领土或保护地。虽然日本入侵了满洲,但这是苏联人的麻烦,他们大约在1905年的一次海战和对日战争中曾经被击败过。

在日本入侵中国大陆和满洲后,美国决定停止向日本出售铁矿石、铸锭或石油。由于当时美国是日本主要的石油来源,而婆罗洲归荷兰和英国所有……美国的这一行动切断了日本与这一重要能源的联系,而中东的石油资源主要是在第二次世界大战后开始生产的。中国被视为一个可以被殖民的枯竭的文明,然后被用作日本军事工业综合体的资源供应地。当纳粹袭击法国、比利时和荷兰而它们强大的海军无法做出回应时,英国和荷兰正在欧洲为它们的生存而战。日本为了吞并重要的石油和原材料供应地而对美国的珍珠港展开了袭击,但一旦美国真正开始生产战争武器时,日本就在军事上陷入了困境。美国计划建造100多艘航空母舰,但最终只完成了少数几艘。而且它们大多数在第二次世界大战期间并没有服役,但美国军事力量的规模和高空轰炸机超级堡垒机群的建造意味着在美国及其盟友变得更加强大之前,日本只有几年的时间可以称霸。

Ronald Isaacs

说得好,我同意你的一些观点,除了一个关键的陈述,即美国在日本征服朝鲜和满洲时并没有禁止出口石油到日本,它们在1941夏天日本入侵中南半岛后才禁止向日本出口石油。

这很重要,因为这表明在采取严厉措施之前,我们愿意与日本进行长期合作。只要日本继续得到美国的石油,它们就可以凭借自己拥有的资源很好地生存下去。正如我所提到的,这说明了日本的统治力量在当时是多么热衷于征服。当时日本仍在与苏联进行贸易(至少在某种程度上),我在另一篇文章中说过,日本人因为利用中国作为让步(同意和平并离开)而错过了它们已经拥有的巨大胜利,我认为它们本可以与西方保持和平并保持在朝鲜和满洲的巨大收益。

这就是胜利的问题,它常常会导致一种“胜利病”,这使得精英群体/人开始认为所有目标都可以通过战争实现,因此他们往往会变得过于雄心勃勃。

Andrew James Wright

无背景信息

应该指出的是,在日本偷袭珍珠港之前的近4年半时间里,中国没有被征服或被迫投降。事实上,珍珠港事件实际上是日本越来越暴力和希望以绝望的手段结束在中国的战争的结果。

日本确实征服了中国的大部分主要城市、铁路、经济和工业区,但中国从未投降。因此,日本从未实现其政治或战略目标,即实现和平并迫使中国成为其附庸国,或停止一场正在慢慢流血和消耗资源的战争。

因此,日本继续加大赌注,试图胁迫法国、美国、英国甚至苏联停止向中国的战争努力提供外交和物质支持。1941年初,它与苏联签订了互不侵犯条约;1940年9月它接管了法属中南半岛北部。日本甚至在1940年的几个月内中断了通过缅甸公路运送给中国的补给,直到英国意识到这一点。

但是日本走得太远了,为了找到攻击荷兰和越来越被视为对日本构成威胁的英国人和美国人的潜在基地(如果遭到禁运的话,日本需要石油),它进入了中南半岛南部。这最终招致了英国人和美国人的不满,它们坚持要求日本在中国问题上让步。但日本没有,于是珍珠港事件发生了,日本从此注定要失败,而中国尽管独自作战多年,却远未被征服。

正如S.C.M.Paine所指出的那样,珍珠港事件以及日本对在东亚的西方属地的攻击被视为日本为寻找资源(尤其是石油)而实施的自给自足的手段,它们希望与英美两国通过谈判早日结束战争以便日本能够继续实施打败中国的计划。因此,对日本来说,太平洋战争被认为是一场为了促进其对中国的持续战争而迅速展开又迅速结束的事件。

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原文较长有删节,查看更多译文可点击:樱落网

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原文

Grant Mitchell Spork

, Director UAV Drone Surveys at Self-Employment (2010-present),Lives in Sunshine Coast, Queensland, Australia

The Japanese had conquered moat of China accept for remote inland areas. All coastal ports and main river systems were under Japanese control. The Japanese annexed the entire Korean peninsular, Taiwan, Hong Kong, Singapore, Malaysia, Vietnam. Cambodia, Laos, parts of Burma, Indonesia, the Philippines, Borneo. Starting a war with the USA at Pearl Harbor could be seen as a mistake! The communists under Mao and the Nationalists under Chiang Kai Check fought against the Japanese as separate Guerilla forces. Check was provided military aid by the USA and Britain and attacked Japanese logistics and supply bases. It is possible the Communist forces and Chiang Kai Check with greater military aid and training could have caused Japan to loose control of inland China. The Japanese were largely interested in the wealthy trading ports and cities and their logistics, their mines for raw materials. In South East Asia they were interested in rubber and food stocks, timber. in Borneo they wanted the Dutch Shell oil and the British petroleum assets. For the Allies not to be involved the Japanese would need to stay out of the Philippines, Shanghai, Hong Kong, Singapore, Kuala Lumpur, Borneo and Indonesia which were allied territories or protectorates. Japan also invaded Manchuria, and this was an issue for the Soviet Russians who had lost a naval battle and a war against the Japanese in circa 1905. The USA determined not to sell iron ore, ingots or oil to Japan after their invasion of China and Manchuria. As America at this time was the major source of oil with Borneo being owned by the Dutch and British………………this action cut Japan from this vital energy source. Middle Eastern sources of oil largely came into production after the second world war. China was seen as a deplete3d civilization which could be colonized, and then used as a resources supply for the Japanese industrial military complex. Britain and the Dutch were fighting for their lives in Europe as the Nazi’s attacked France, Belgium and Holland and their mighty navy was unable to respond. The USA were therefore attacked at Pearl Harbor in a move to annex vital oil and raw material supplies and create a Japanese co-prosperity sphere. Once the USA war production began in earnest, Japan would be in trouble militarily. Over 100 US Aircraft carriers were planned to be built, in the end only a few were completed and most did not see active service during the second world war, however the size of the military build up by the USA and the building of the Super Fortress Fleet of high altitude bombers, meant Japan had only a few years to enjoy hegemony, before the USA and it’s allies would become vastly more powerful.

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